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Lepidoptera: Butterflies and Moths  

Order Lepidoptera includes both butterflies and moths.  Butterflies fly in the day and are the most popular group of insects people identify.  Moths are nocturnal, more numerous (species wise) and not so colorful.  Even so moths do get some attention, the giant silkworm moths are a sight to see.

Butterflies 
Butterflies of the North Woods, 2nd Edition Point Pelee National Park Nature Series - Butterflies of Point Pelee Butterflies through Binoculars:The East
How to Spot Butterflies Butterflies of the Great Lakes Region
Butterflies of the North Woods, 2nd Edition Pub 
The must have.  It is missing coverage of some species from northern and eastern Ontario plus some rare strays from southern Ontario..
Point Pelee National Park Nature Series - Butterflies of Point PelePub GB
A southern Ontario butterfly book.  Quality of species profiles unknown.
Butterflies through Binoculars: The East GB
Has the great information on how to find butterflies.  However, it uses photographs and the photographs are separated from the species profiles.  Covers Eastern North America.
How to Spot Butterflies GB
Has the most detailed information on how to find butterflies.  Has a chapter on butterfly gardening.  Quality of species profiles unknown.  Covers common North American species.
Butterflies of the Great Lakes Region Pub Am
Not enough to judge properly.  May be quite good through.

Butterflies of Algonquin Provincial Park Stokes' Beginner's Guide to Butterflies
Butterflies of Algonquin Provincial Park
Not very portable, covers only common species but is cheap and interesting to read.  For beginners.  Out of print.
Stokes' Beginner's Guide to Butterflies  GB
A beginner's guide to butterflies.  A possible starting point but "Butterflies of the North Woods" is not that hard for beginners.

Kaufman's Field Guide to Butterflies of North America Peterson Field Guides: Eastern Butterflies Butterflies of North America Common Butterflies and Skippers of Eastern North America
Kaufman's Field Guide to Butterflies of North America GB
Recommended guide to fill in species missing from Butterflies of the North Woods.  Nice format.  Use digitally modified photographs.  Handy for identifying skippers because it includes variations of skippers and has some better photos than the North Wood's guide.
Peterson Field Guides: Eastern Butterflies GB
Species profiles and illustrations are separate.
(James Scott's) Butterflies of North America  GB Pub(CR-ROM)(?)
A reference.  Contains keys for immature forms (eggs, first stage larvae, mature larvae, and pupae) of North American butterflies.  Uses plates.  Uses scientific names not common names.  Available on CD-ROM or in book form.  Describes subspecies.
Common Butterflies and Skippers of Eastern North America Am
An introduction to butterflies.

Aids for Identifying Butterflies and Moths
North American Butterfly Association (yearly counts) The association for butterflies.  Sign up for butterfly counts here.
F. Jean MacLeod Butterfly Gallery Webcam A webcam at Science North.  It is difficult to get a good look at butterflies using this tool.
Journal of the Lepidopterists' Society
The Lepidopterists' Society
Butterflies and Moths of North America  Only for US and Mexico unfortunately, but might be useful.  Eventually Canada will be covered.
Wisconsin Butterflies Beautiful collection of photos.


Checklists: Penokean Hills Field Naturalists (Elliot Lake)| Thunder Bay | North Bay | Friend of Wye Marsh Biomonitoring Report | Carden Field Naturalists | Kington Field Naturalists | Ottawa (booklet form) |  Pembroke | Friends of Point Pelee | Essex County | Friends of Pinery Park | Hamilton | Toronto (booklet form)

Moths
Moths are just too numerous to have a comprehensive field guide devoted to them.  At 700 to 800 (maybe more) probable species in our area, an amount a field guide could cover, not enough interest exists to produce a regional field guide.  For information on every species you need to consult the Internet.  

Checklist of Moths of the Pembroke Area Field Naturalists.  This is the only known checklist in Ontario.  It you live near the Renfrew district it should be of use.
Moths of the Ottawa Area is a photographic guide to moths.  Because of a bug in the menu system that puts part of the menu below the bottom of the screen, use F11 to put the screen in full screen mode.  Excellent local resource.
Moth Photographers Group and is the largest collection of images of moths in North America.  It is also somewhat a portal on moths.  Some recent changes have made the site easier to use for identifying moths.
Moths of Canada is an official guide to moths but can be a pain sometimes because you have to checkmark every moth you want to see a picture of.  
Microleps is the only site to focus on micromoths, the tiny and very diverse group of the moths.
Jim des Rivieres Moth Images Another moth site based in Ottawa.
Moths in a Connecticut Woods is a website showing the discoveries of a moth watcher.  
Moth Watching and David's Butterflies and Moths.  Learn more about moths here.
Moth Links
Plume moths A rather difficult group of moths to identify to species.

The Cat Peterson's A Field Guide to Moths of Eastern North America Le Guide des Papillons du Québec
The Moth Book; A Popular Guide to a Knowledge of the Moths of North Caterpillars of Eastern North America
Moths & Caterpillars of the North Woods Pub Am
Covers common moths, about 300 species.  A good introduction to moths and caterpillars.  Good for learning about the various types of moths and some of their behaviors. Definitely the most interesting moth field guide out there.
Peterson's A Field Guide to Moths of Eastern North America Am GB
The main reference book if you can find it.  It is available new in reprint and is more expensive than orginally.  A must have after the North Woods book.  A new edition is in the works which may be available as soon as spring 2012.  See North American Moths Backyard Inventory: Background for more information.  The scope has been reduced to northeastern North Amercia rather than eastern North America which should make the edition more useful for our area.
Le Guide des Papillons du Québec Am (French) GB
This is the best moth guide, unfortunately it is in French.  Even so, much of it is designed to be usable by English speaking people.  Includes whether a particular moth has been seen in one of five areas of Quebec.  This is useful to you live beside Quebec such as Ottawa.  Covers 1400 species, the best coverage.  Out of print.
Caterpillars of Eastern North America Pub
Covers moth caterpillars and has a picture of the corresponding adult moth.
The Moth Book: A Popular Guide to a Knowledge of the Moths of North GB
Natural history of moths.  Very old book.
MONA Series List
This series lists and provides photographs for all the moths in North America (north of Mexico) for each family in each of its book.  Very expensive.

The Cutworm Moths
of Ontario & Quebec
Sedge Moths of North America
The Wild Silk Moths of North America
The Hawk Moths of North America
These are books on specific families of moths.  The Wild Silk Moths of North America has plenty of life history information including much that isn't of much interest to most naturalists.

The Cutworm Moths of Ontario & Quebec GB
Sedge Moths of North America GB
The Wild Silk Moths of North America GB
The Hawk Moths of North America GB Pub
Legion of the Night: The Underwing Moths Pub
Note: comes on a CD
 
Caterpillars  
Caterpillars in the Field and Garden: A Field Guide to the Butterfly Caterpillars of North America Caterpillars of Eastern North America Photo Field Guide to Some Caterpillars of Southern Ontario
Caterpillars in the Field and Garden: A Field Guide to the Butterfly Caterpillars of North America  GB
Comprehensive guide to butterfly caterpillars.
Caterpillars of Eastern North America Pub 
Covers both butterfly and moth caterpillars.
Photo Field Guide to Some Caterpillars of Southern Ontario GB
Covers common southern Ontario caterpillars.

Butterfly and Moth Caterpillars: Identification Guide Provide help with more common caterpillars. Pictures both the adult and the caterpillar.  Many links to outside websites.  Extensive life history information and an identification service.  Members only area.  Needs a central index or webpages.
Caterpillars of Eastern Forests Guide to 245 common caterpillars with photographs and descriptions of familes and species.